Nicholas Mulder is an assistant professor at Cornell University, where he studies twentieth century European and international history. In January, he published The Economic Weapon: The Rise of Sanctions as a Tool of Modern War, which traces the emergence of sanctions as a potent instrument during the interwar period. In this lightly edited Q&A, we discussed the use of sanctions in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and what the future implications are for China.Mulder was interviewe